What role do activated carbon filters play in water treatment?

Activated carbon filters are primarily used in water treatment for their adsorption capabilities, which enables them to effectively remove organic compounds and some inorganic substances from water. This process occurs because the porous structure of activated carbon provides a large surface area that attracts and holds these contaminants, making it a powerful tool for improving water quality.

Organic compounds, such as volatile organic compounds (VOCs), pesticides, and certain pharmaceuticals, are often present in water sources and can be harmful to human health and the environment. Activated carbon filters can significantly reduce the concentration of these pollutants, ensuring that the water is safer for consumption and use.

While activated carbon can adsorb some inorganic substances, its primary strength lies in its effectiveness against a wide range of organic materials. Other filtration methods are typically more suitable for the removal of heavy metals, while aeration methods are required to increase oxygen levels in water. Additionally, activated carbon does not act as a catalyst; rather, it works through the physical process of adsorption, which is a crucial distinction to understand in the context of water treatment technologies.