What are endotoxins known for in relation to human health?

Endotoxins, which are components of the outer membrane of Gram-negative bacteria, are primarily known for having harmful effects on humans and animals. When released into the bloodstream, these toxins can trigger severe immune responses, leading to adverse health effects such as fever, shock, and even organ failure in some cases. This is significant in medical and environmental contexts, as endotoxin exposure can occur through various routes, including contaminated water and food supplies.

Recognizing that endotoxins are not beneficial for digestion, do not improve water quality, and do not specifically block nutrient absorption clarifies why the answer focuses on their harmful impact. Understanding the consequences of endotoxin exposure is crucial for public health, particularly in sanitation and water treatment practices, where control of bacterial contamination is essential to prevent illness.